At present, a nationwide battle to prevent and control the new coronavirus infection with pneumonia has begun. as the "first line of defense" for personal health protection, it is very important to wear masks that meet epidemic prevention standards.

FromN95,KN95 to medical surgical masks, the general public may have some knowledge blind spots for mask selection. here we help you understand the common sense of masks by summarizing the knowledge points in the standard field.

What are the standards for masks?

At present, china’s main standards for masks includeGB 2626-2006《呼吸防护用品 自吸过滤式防颗粒物呼吸器》，GB 19083-2010 technical requirements for medical protective masks,YY 0469-2011 technical requirements for medical surgical masks,GB/T 32610-2016 "technical specifications for daily protective masks", etc., covering labor protection, medical protection, civil protection and other fields.GB 2626-2006《呼吸防护用品 自吸过滤式防颗粒物呼吸器》由原国家质检总局、国家标准化Management委员会公布，为全文强制性标准，于2006Year12Month1Day实施.该标准所规定的防护对象包括各类颗粒物，即包括粉尘、烟、雾And微生物，还规定了呼吸防护用品的生产和技术规范，对防尘Mask的材料、结构、外观、性能、过滤效率(Dust resistance rate)Respiratory resistance, detection methods, pruduct logo, packaging, such as strict requirements.GB 19083-2010 "technical requirements for medical protective masks" was published by the former aqsiq and the national standardization management committee and implemented on august 1, 2011. this standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods, signs and instructions for use of medical protective masks, as well as packaging, transportation and storage. it is suitable for filtering particulate matter in the air, blocking droplets, self-priming filter type medical protective mask for blood, body fluid, secretion, etc. 4 of the standard.10 is recommended, and the rest is mandatory.YY 0469-2011 "technical requirements for medical surgical masks" was issued by the state drug and food administration and is a pharmaceutical industry standard. it was implemented on june 1, 2013. this standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods, signs and instructions for use, packaging, transportation and storage of medical surgical masks. the standard stipulates that the bacterial filtration efficiency of masks should not be less than 95%.GB/T 32610-2016 "technical specification for daily protective masks" was issued by the former general administration of quality supervision, inspection and quarantine and the national standardization management committee. it is the first national standard for civil protective masks in china and was implemented on november 1, 2016. the standard involves the mask raw material requirements, structural requirements, label identification requirements, appearance requirements, etc. the main indicators include functional indicators such as particulate matter filtration efficiency, expiratory and inspiratory resistance indicators, tightness indicators, etc. the standard requires that the mask should be able to safely and firmly protect the nose and mouth, and there should be no palpable sharp corners and sharp edges, formaldehyde, dyes, microorganisms and other factors that may cause harm to human body are specified in detail to ensure the safety of the public when wearing protective masks.

What are the common masks?

Now we most often mention masks, includingKN95,N95, medical surgical masks, etc.

The first isKN95 masks. according to national standardsGB2626-2006《呼吸防护用品 自吸过滤式防颗粒物呼吸器》的Classification，Mask按照过滤元件的效率水平，分为KN和KPTwo categories.KPClass is suitable for filtering oily particles,KNClass is suitable for filtering non-oily particles. among themKN95 when the mask is detected by sodium chloride particles, its filtration efficiency should be greater than or equal to 95%, that is, for 0.The filtration efficiency of non-oily particles above 075 microns is greater than or equal to 95%.

N95 masks areNIOSH(National institute for occupational safety and health)One of 9 kinds of certified particulate protective masks."N"not oil(not resistant to oil). "95" means that the concentration of particles in the mask is 95 lower than that outside the mask when exposed to a specified number of special test particles.%Above.

Then medical surgical masks. accordingYY 0469-2011 the definition of technical requirements for medical surgical masks, medical surgical masks are "worn by clinical medical personnel in an invasive operating environment, medical surgical masks that provide protection for the treated patients and medical personnel who carry out invasive operations and prevent the spread of blood, body fluids and splashes are masks worn by medical personnel when working". this kind of mask is used in medical clinics, laboratories, operating rooms and other medical environments. it is divided into waterproof layer, filter layer and comfort layer from outside to inside.

Scientific choice of masks

Experts said that in addition to providing effective protection, mask wearing must also take into account the wearer’s comfort and cannot bring negative effects such as biohazards. generally speaking, the higher the protective performance of the mask, the greater the impact on the comfort performance. people wear masks when inhaling, masks have a certain resistance to air flow. when the inspiratory resistance is too large, some people will feel dizziness, chest tightness and other discomfort.

Different people have different industries and different constitutions, so the requirements for the sealing, protection, comfort, adaptability and other indicators of the mask are also different. for some special groups, such as children, the elderly, people suffering from respiratory diseases and cardiovascular diseases, mask types should be carefully selected. on the premise of ensuring safety protection, avoid long-term wearing accidents such as hypoxia and dizziness.

Finally, it is suggested that no matter what type of mask, it should be properly handled after use so as not to become a new source of infection. usually prepare a few more masks, replace them in time, and build the first line of defense for health protection. i wish you all good health!